A passion for the outdoors is enough to spark a foray into fly-fishing. Those who’ve logged real time in waders with a pole in hand know that it’s almost always about everything but the fish. It’s about the sound of the rushing river; the critters ambling, swimming, or flying about; and the many soothing rhythms of the natural world.
A fulfilling hike or camping trip will get you close to nature, but through fly-fishing, you’ll get even closer. First, you’ll learn to speak the language of water, gaining an appreciation for all things aquatic and their vital place in the circle of life. Later, should you stick with it, you might even be able to predict insect hatches and experience the unrivaled joy of catching a fish with a fly that you tied yourself (or at least mindfully selected from your box).
There’s an artistry to the activity, that’s for sure. Some of the best scenes in A River Runs Through It (a film worth watching and a book worth reading) depict the beauty of casting amid some of the prettiest stretches of water in Montana. It’s enough to make you change up the priority order of your hobbies entirely.
But there’s also a ruggedness to the sport. It can take you to some remote places. You’ll witness things you’d previously only seen on the Discovery Channel, from osprey snatching trout to bison fording rivers. You’ll learn the importance of patience, timing, technique, and presentation, the value of a good knot, how to fall down with dignity, and how to tell a good old fashioned fishing-centric tall tale.
Gear
Waders are quite important, unless you’re able to stick to warmer waters. Companies like make great versions, and a good pair ought to last at least a decade. A good vest is paramount, too, but what you opt to fill it with is a little more complicated.
There’s a lot of gear in fly-fishing, but there doesn’t have to be. The few tools you’ll need include clippers for cutting line, forceps for taking flies out of trout mouths, floatant for keeping dry flies above water, a leader straightener, and some tippet. Zingers are great for attaching some of these tools (forceps and clippers especially) to your vest for easy access. You’ll also need a few leaders, the approximately 7-foot to 10-foot line of tapered filament that connects to your fly-line and ultimately a fly. It’s nice to have a few different sizes as you’re likely to be fishing different sized flies and, inevitably as you try a different pattern or lose flies, you can eat up a leader pretty quickly.
A good hat is paramount, as is a good pair of polarized glasses. The shades will dampen the glare of the water, allow you to spot fish better, and protect your eyes from the occasional stray cast. You’ll also need a good pair of boots. Be sure to order on the large side if you’ll be wearing them with waders and check in with your local department of fish and wildlife to see what types of soles are allowed. Felt soles, for example, while great for gripping smooth river rock, are not legal in all states.
Of course, you’ll need a rod. There are lots of great makers out there with good warranties, so we’ll leave the brand up to you. For a size that can take you just about anywhere, start with a five-weight that’s somewhere between 8-9 feet in length.
Flies
There are way too many fly patterns out there, and they’re not exactly cheap. A typical day on the water can claim quite a few of these buggers, too, as you’ll find after snagging them on logs or having them chewed up by fish. For a lot of fly-fishers, the number of flies in their boxes is a source of pride — a wine collection of sorts. But I’m here to tell you from experience that you can more than get by with just a few patterns at your disposal.
Essentially, flies are split between those that float and those that sink. The former, dry flies, resemble bugs that sit on top of the water, like mayflies and caddisflies. The latter, nymphs, resemble a different type of bug (or at least a different phase in their lives) and sink beneath the surface. With these, the fly is usually too submerged to make it out, so you often attach a strike indicator to detect fish activity.
Which five flies could I not live without? Start with an Adams. It’s a fly that looks like a lot of bugs, hence its value. It has far and away caught me the most fish of any pattern and casts beautifully. Next, an elk hair caddis, either in brown, green, or gray. Another must-have dry fly is an attractor like a stimulator. This type of fly doesn’t resemble an actual bug so much as it aims to catch the eye of a fish with its colorful makeup. A great go-to nymph is a wooly bugger, which you can fish like a streamer if it’s large enough (and a bead-head version will make it sink faster). Finally, a good terrestrial, like a hopper or ant, is fantastic, especially if you fish in the summer.
Fly sizes are sold by number and get smaller as the number increases. So a size 4 stonefly would be much bigger than a size 16 blue-winged olive, for example. A smattering in the 8-14 range usually suffices.
Casting
Like a golf swing or bowling release, your fly-fishing cast can always get better. For starters, learn a few of the basics. You don’t need to be double-haul casting to the opposite bank of the big river, but you should be able to pull off two very important maneuvers.
The first is a roll cast, great for fishing in tight quarters. When the stream is small or there’s vegetation all around, this type of cast can keep your fly drifting naturally with little more than a flick of a wrist. There’s a basic cast, too, which is key is getting your fly on the water. Keeping your wrist tight or loose isn’t really as important as a nice abrupt stop, which causes the line to fully extend before hitting the water.
Where to cast? Think like a fish. They tend to hang out in calmer stretches of water where they can observe bugs drifting by and decide when and what to eat. Look for eddies (pools behind rocks), riffles, and deep banks where fish are protected but also have access to a snack. Obviously, if you spot feeding fish, that’s a good place to try. And be mindful of your shadow while fishing — it can spook your potential catch.
More Wisdom
There are some great how-to publications and informative (and often entertaining) outlets devoted to the sport. The Drake is a great stop, as are the books like the Orvis Fly-Fishing Guide. Following the Instagram feeds of the likes of R.L. Winston will certainly get you in the mood. Should you reach a point where you want to start tying some of your own (it’s a great pastime), this book is a perfect launchpad.
Many fly shops host classes or can direct you to sessions that will improve your technique for things like casting, fly-tying, knot-tying, and more. When you do head out, pack along a good portable water bottle and a can or two of your favorite wine or beer for toasting a day catching fish (or at least pursuing them).
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