How to use tire wear patterns to identify vehicle problems

Bridgestone Blizzard tire wear pattern. — Photo by VVVN via Wikimedia Commons

You can learn a lot about your car by looking at your tire wear patterns. Reading tread depth with a quarter or a penny is helpful for knowing when you have to change your tires. Likewise, learning what the numbers on the sidewall mean is a crucial part of car ownership, but there’s a lot more you can learn from your car’s tires to keep them well-maintained.

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Types of wear patterns
What are the types of auto tires that wear out the fastest?

Instead of looking at the side of your tire, you’ll want to check out the actual tread from the front or top of the tire. Obviously, this is a lot easier when the tire is off the car. Once you take a closer look at the tread wear, you can see if your car is out of balance, if your tire is under or overinflated, if the suspension is worn out, or if your car is in need of alignment.

This isn’t black magic, and you don’t have to go to school for it. All you have to do is look at pictures online from BFGoodrich and then match them to your tire. It couldn’t be easier. If you want, you could also visit this YouTube channel that outlines the different types of tire wear patterns and their causes.

Side by side tires that have worn tread. — Photo by kallerna via Wikimedia Commons

Types of wear patterns

Tire wear patterns refer to the specific patterns that develop on a tire’s surface over time due to different driving styles over various terrain. These patterns can provide valuable insight into the condition of the tire and can help identify underlying issues with your vehicle’s suspension, alignment, or tire maintenance. Armed with the information gleaned from tire wear patterns, mechanics and car owners can make informed decisions regarding tire replacement or necessary repairs.

In addition, there are many irregular wear patterns that you should look out for on your tires: one-sided wear, shoulder step wear, erosion or river wear, depression wear (center, intermediate, and shoulder), diagonal wear, radial feather wear, and multiple flat spotting wear. We’ll cover some of the more common tire pattern wear types below for you to explore.

Yet, before casting your eye below, note that many of these wear patterns are caused by your tire alignment, which is made up of camber, toe, and caster. Camber is the inward or outward tilt of the tires as viewed from the front, which makes them look like leaning buildings. Toe is the side-to-side difference between the front tires, which makes them look like they’re bowed. Caster refers to the slope of the steering axis.

Now that the explanation is out of the way, let’s take a look.

One-sided wear

This one is easy to spot. One side of your tire will be more worn out than the other. Pretty simple, right? If you find that your tire is suffering from one-sided wear on the outer edge, it means that your car’s positive camber, caster, or toe is out of whack. If it’s happening to the inside of the tire, you’ll have to get your car’s negative toe, and camber checked.

Depression wear (Center/Intermediate/Shoulder)

Center depression wear refers to circumferential depression wear of the center tread rib on your tire. This can happen to your tires if they’re underinflated or if the car is overloaded. Checking your tire pressure is one way to fix the issue, though it could also be faulty shocks or loose wheel bearings.

Intermediate depression wear is when one or more interior ribs on the tire are lower than adjacent ribs. This can be caused by overinflating your car’s tires.

If you find that your tires have wear on the shoulder rib of the tire, you could be dealing with faulty shocks, loose wheel bearings, a balance issue, or lateral runout.

Diagonal wear

These look like rectangular patches of oblique wear across the tire. You might find them as a singular patch or as a repeating pattern around the tire. This can be caused by a litany of problems, including misalignment, tires that are severely out of balance, w, or radial and lateral runout.

Radial feather wear

This wear pattern can make the tire look like a chisel with a slant. One end of the tire has a lot more tread left than the other side. This can be caused by excessive toe in or toe out.

Multiple flat spotting wear

If you look at your tire and find that it has multiple flat spots on it, you could be looking at a variety of sources for the problem, including faulty shocks, wheel bearing problems, balance issues, or mismatched pressures.

Other wear patterns

Other wear patterns like shoulder step wear and erosion or river wear mostly occur on radial tires in slow-wearing operations. Erosion and river wear is likely to occur on free-rolling tires like the ones found on trailers.

What are the types of auto tires that wear out the fastest?

Now that you know more about the different tire wear patterns and what they could mean for your vehicle, we’ve listed a few of the types of auto tires that wear out the fastest.

Performance Tires: High-performance tires have softer rubber components and are designed for enhanced grip and handling, so they tend to wear out faster.
Summer Tires: Summer tires, optimized for warm weather conditions, may wear out quickly in colder temperatures or harsher road conditions.
Off-Road Tires: With their aggressive tread patterns and softer compounds, off-road tires experience faster wear when used primarily on paved surfaces.
Budget Tires: Cheaper, low-quality tires often have inferior materials and construction, resulting in faster wear and reduced longevity.

Additionally, sometimes, it’s not the type of tire per se but how under or over-inflated it is that causes uneven wear patterns. Unfortunately, incorrect tire pressure can lead to uneven wear patterns, causing tires to wear out prematurely. This is why regularly checking and maintaining the proper tire pressure is crucial.

Moreover, knowing the information we shared about tire tread patterns and what it means will help you determine whether a type of tire is worth buying and will assist you with determining how often you should be checking your tires.